Streets and Statues in Black and White: Deconstructing America’s Racial Reality in National Geographic

Authors

  • George L. Daniels University of Alabama
  • Gabriel B. Tait Ball State University
  • Lillie M. Fears Arkansas State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58997/smc.v34i2.44

Abstract

In March 2018, National Geographic admitted for the first time in its 130-year history that “for decades our coverage was racist. To rise above our past, we must acknowledge it.” In acknowledging that past, it offered a special issue focused on race, which kicked off its yearlong series of reporting, "Diversity in America." This paper offers a textual analysis of two articles that appeared in the April 2018 edition. One article focused on the rising anxiety of White America, apparent in the debate over confederate statues. The second article features streets named for Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an offering timed to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the civil right leader's assassination.

References

Adoni, H. & Mane, S. (1984). Media and the social construction of reality: Toward an integration of theory and research. Communication Research, 11, 323-340.

Berger, P. & Luckmann, T. (1966). Social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc.

Bock, M. A. (2015). Framing the accused: The perp walk as media ritual. Visual Communication Quarterly, 22(4), 206.

Bryan, C.D.B. (1987) The National Geographic Society: 100 years of adventure and discovery. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. Publishers.

Darling-Wolf, F. & Mendelson, A.L. (2008) Seeing themselves through the lens of the other: An analysis of the cross- cultural production and negotiation of National Geographic’s “The Samurai Way” story. Journalism & Communication Monographs, 10(3), 285–322.

Dreher, J. & Vera, H. (2016). The social construction of reality, a four-headed, two-fingered book: An interview with Thomas Luckmann. Cultural Sociology, 10, 30-36.

DuBois, W.E.B. (1903) The souls of black folk. Chicago: A.B. McClurg & Co.

Fursich, E. (2009). In defense of textual analysis: Restoring a challenged method for journalism and media studies. Journalism Studies, 10, 238-252.

Hawkins, D. (2018, March 13). National Geographic confronts its past: ‘For decades, our coverage was racist,’ The Washington Post Accessed June 30, 2018 at https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning- mix/wp/2018/03/13/national-geographic-confronts-its-past-for-decades-our-coverage-was- racist/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.3704d2733089

Hawkins, S.L. (2010). American iconographic: National Geographic, global culture, and the visual imagination. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press.

Lester, P. & Smith, R. (1990) African American photo coverage in Life, Newsweek and Time, 1937-1988. Journalism Quarterly, 67, 128-136.

Lester-Roushanzamir, E.P. & Raman, U. (1999). The global village in Atlanta: A textual analysis of Olympic news coverage for children in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 76, 699-712.

Lutz, C.A. & Collins, J.L. (1993). Reading National Geographic. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Martin, M. (2013, March 26). The browning of a nation. NPR.org. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2013/03/26/175361660/the-browning-of-a-nation

McKee, A. (2003) A beginner’s guide to textual analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Mendelson, A.L. & Darling-Wolf, F. (2009). Readers’ interpretations of visual and verbal narratives of a National Geographic story on Saudi Arabia. Journalism, 10, 798-818.

Montanaro, D. (2016, October 12). How the browning of America is upending both political parties. NPR.org. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2016/10/12/497529936/how-the-browning-of-america-is-upending-both-political-parties

Obregon, R. & Cura, M. (2003). Violence and peace in the print media: News discourse and social construction of reality in Columbia. Paper Presented to the International Communication Association, San Diego, Calif.

Parameswaran, R. (2002). Local culture in global media: Excavating colonial and material

discourses in National Geographic. Communication Theory, 12, 287-315.

Schwartz-DuPre, R.L. (2010). Portraying the political: National Geographic’s 1985 Afghan girl and a U.S. alibi for aid. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 27, 336-356.

Sentman, A. (1983). Black and white: Disparity in coverage of by Life magazine from 1937 to 1972. Journalism Quarterly, 60, 501-508.

Shuey, A.M., King, N. & Griffith, B. (1953). Stereotyping of Negroes and whites: An analysis of magazine pictures. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 17, 281-287.

Stempel, G.H. (1971). Visibility of blacks in news and news-picture magazines. Journalism Quarterly, 48, 337-339.

Sundstrom, R. R. (2008). Browning of America and the evasion of social justice (SUNY series, philosophy and race). State University of New York Press.

Tait, G. B. (2019). Sign Language: a visual analysis of black lives matter signs of protest through student discussions. OKH Journal: Anthropological Ethnography and Analysis Through the Eyes of Christian Faith, 3(1), 1–11.

Todd, A.M. (2007). Touring Africa: Eco-cultural representations in National Geographic. Paper Presented to National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.

Tuchman, G. (1978). Making news : a study in the construction of reality. New York : Free Press.

Uriarte, M. (1991). The meaning of the browning of America. Gastón Institute Publications, 55.

Volf, M. (1996). Exclusion and embrace: A theological exploration of identity, otherness, and reconciliation. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press.

Wasburn, P. C. (2002). The social construction of international news: We’re talking about them, they’re talking about us. Westport, Conn: Praeger.

West, C. (1993). Race matters. Boston: Beacon Press.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-05

Issue

Section

Articles