London, Lyrics, & Louis Vuitton: A Cross-Cultural Content Analysis of Product Placement in Popular Music

Authors

  • Craig Clay Coastal Carolina University
  • Shannon Bichard Texas Tech University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58997/smc.v30i1.3

Abstract

The search for alternative forms of advertising corresponds with the proliferation of traditional advertising clutter. One method that has seen an increase in exploration is product placement. Though commonly applied to visual media, this study examines this practice in song lyrics (i.e. lyrical product placement). The current study seeks to add a cross-cultural dimension by evaluating the use of lyrical product placement in the top 100 songs from the U.S., Europe, and Japan from 2010 (N = 300). Findings indicate regional differences in lyrical product placement and thus opportunities for diversification in the use of lyrical product placement across regions.

References

Allan, D. 2010. They're playing my brand.” International Journal of Integrated Marketing Communications, 2 (Spring), 40-46.

Balasubramanian, S. K. (1994). Beyond advertising and publicity: Hybrid messages and public policy issues. Journal of Advertising, 23(4), 29-46.

Belk, R.W., & Pollay R. W. (1985). Materialism and status appeals in Japanese and US print advertising. International Marketing Review, 2, 38-47.

Bernatonyte, D. & Normantience, A. (2007). Estimation of importance of intra-industry trade. Engineering Economics, 53(3), 25-34.

Biggar, T. (2006). Pimp my track. Music Industry Online, http://www.mio.co.za/article/pimpmy-track-2006-08-16 (accessed March 11, 2011)

Billboard (2011). Charts legend. http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/charts-legend (accessed April 20, 2011)

Boutin-Foster, C., McLaughlin, N., Gray, A., Ogedegbe, A., Hageman, I., Knowlton, C., Rodriguez, A., & Beeder, A. (2006). Reducing HIV and AIDS through prevention (RHAP): A theoretically based approach for teaching HIV prevention to adolescents through an exploration of popular music. Journal of Urban Health, 87, 440-451.

Brennan, S., Rosenberger, P. J., & Hementra, V. (2004). Product placements in movies: An Australian consumer perspective on their ethicality and acceptability. Marketing Bulletin, 15, 1-16.

Castillo, D. (2010). PQ media forecasts European product placement spending will grow at double-digit rates from 2010-2014, driven by relaxed rules and economic recovery. Product Placement News, http://productplacement.biz/201008192766/news/pq-mediaforecasts-european-product-placement-spending-will-grow-at-double-digit-rates-from2010-2014-driven-by-relaxed-rules-economic-recovery.html (accessed July 14, 2011).

Cooper, H., Schembri, S., & Miller, D. (2010). Brand-self identity narratives in the James Bond movies. Psychology & Marketing, 27 (June), 557-567.

Dahlen, M. (2005). The medium as a contextual cue: Effects of creative media choice. Journal of Advertising, 34(3), 89-98.

Dahlen, M., & Edenius, M. (2007). When is advertising advertising? Comparing responses to non-traditional and traditional advertising media. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 29(1), 33-42.

Dapkus, G., & Eimantaite, G. (2010). Adapting the advertisement considering international markets peculiarities. Economics & Management, 15, 457-464.

de Gregorio, F., & Sung, Y. (2009). Giving a shout out to Seagram's gin: Extent of and attitudes towards brands in popular songs. Journal of Brand Management, 17(3), 218-235.

de Mooij, M., & Hofstede, G. (2010). The Hofstede model. International Journal of Advertising, 29(1), 85-110.

Delattre, E., & Colovic, A. (2009). Memory and perception of brand mentions and placement of brands in songs. International Journal of Advertising, 28(5), 807-842.

Du Plessis, E. (2005). The advertised mind. Sterling, Virginia: Millward Brown.

Ember, C. R., & Ember, M. (2009), Cross-cultural research methods. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

Eisend, M. (2009). A cross-cultural generalizability study of consumers' acceptance of product

placements in movies. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 31(1), 15-25.

Franzen, G. (1994). Advertising effectiveness. Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire: NTC.

Friedman, M. (1986). Commercial influences in the lyrics of popular American music of the postwar era. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 20(2), 193-213.

Friestad, M., & Wright, P. (1994). The persuasion knowledge model: How people cope with persuasion attempts. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1), 1-31.

Friestad, M., & Wright, P. (1995). Persuasion knowledge: Lay people's and researchers' beliefs about the psychology of advertising. Journal of Consumer Research, 22(1), 62-74.

Galician, M., & Bourdeau, P. G. (2004). The evolution of product placements in Hollywood cinema: Embedding high-involvement "heroic" brand images. Journal of Promotion Management, 10, 15-36.

Goldman, B. (2007). Putting Lamborghini doors on the Escalade: A legal analysis of the unauthorized use of brand names in rap/hip-hop. Texas Review of Entertainment & Sports Law, 8(1), 1-32.

Goto, M. (2003). A chorus-section detecting method for musical audio signals. Paper presented at the 2003 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, Piscataway, NJ.

Gould, S. J., Gupta, P. B., &Grabner-Krauter, S. (2000). Product placements in movies: A crosscultural analysis of Austrian, French and American consumers' attitudes toward this emerging, international promotional medium. Journal of Advertising, 29(4), 41-58.

Guido, G., Peluso, A. M., Tedeschi, P., Nicole, C., Lauretti, C., & Caciula, A. (2010). Acceptance of product placement in Italy: effects of personality and product/consumer interactions. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 2(2), 34-46.

Hall, E. (2004). Young consumers receptive to movie product placement. Advertising Age, 75(13), 8.

Herrera, M. (2010). 2010 in music: The year that went pop. http://www.billboard.com/#/features/2010-in-music-the-year-that-went-pop1004134336.story?tag=newstop1 (accessed September 27, 2011)

High, K. (2009). The billboard Q&A. Billboard, 18. (February, 28).

Hoch, S. J. (2002). Product experience is seductive. Journal of Consumer Research, 29(3), 448-454.

Homer, P. M. (2009). Product placements. Journal of Advertising, 38(3), 21-31.

Hudson, S., & Hudson, D. (2006). Branded entertainment: A new advertising technique or product placement in disguise? Journal of Marketing Management, 22(5/6), 489-504.

IFPI (2011). IFPI publishes recording industry in numbers 2010. http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/20100428.html (accessed May 22, 2011)

John, D. R. (1999). Consumer socialization of children: A retrospective look at twenty-five years of research. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(3), 183-213.

Karrh, J. A. (1998). Brand placement: A review. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 20(2), 31-49.

Karrh, J. A., Frith, K. T., & Callison, C. (2001). Audience attitudes towards brand (product) placement: Singapore and the United States. International Journal of Advertising, 20(1), 3-24.

Karrh, J. A., McKee, K. B., & Pardun, C. J. (2003). Practitioners' evolving views on product placement effectiveness. Journal of Advertising Research, 43(2), 138-149.

Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57 (1), 1-22.

Kim, J-O, Forsythe, S., Gu, Q., & Moon, S. J. (2002). Cross-cultural consumer values, needs and purchase behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(6), 481-502.

Kivijarv, L. (2006). Global product placement forecast 2006-2010: PQ Media.

Kotler, P. (1986). Global standardization: courting danger. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 3, 13-15.

Krugman, H. E. (2000). Memory without recall, exposure without perception. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(6), 49-54.

Levitt, T. (1983). The globalization of markets. The McKinsey Quarterly, 2-20.

Longman, K. A. (1997). If not effective frequency, then what? Journal of Advertising Research, 37, 22-50.

Mandel, N., Petrova, P. K., & Cialdini, R. B. (2006). Images of success and the preference from luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16, 57-69.

Mannoni, L. (2000). The great art of light and shadow: Archeology of the cinema. Exeter, Devon, UK: University of Exeter Press.

Markert, J. (2001). Sing a song of drug use-abuse: Four decades of drug lyrics in popular music--from the sixties through the nineties. Sociological Inquiry, 71, 194-220.

Martin, B.A., & Collins, B. A.(2002). Violence and consumption imagery in music videos. European Journal of Marketing, 36, 855-873.

Martino, S. C., Collins, R. L., Elliot, M. N., Strachman, A., Kanouse, D., & Berry, S. H. (2006). Exposure to degrading versus nondegrading music lyrics and sexual behavior among youth. Pediatrics, 118, 430-441.

McCracken, G. (1989). Who is the celebrity endorser? Cultural foundations of the endorsement process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 310-321.

McKechnie, S. A., & Zhou, J. (2003). Product placement in movies: A comparison of Chinese and American consumers' attitudes. International Journal of Advertising, 22, 349-374.

Mohammed-Baksh, S., & Callison, C. (2007). Hey ya shake it like a Polaroid picture: Product mention in popular music genres. Paper presented at the American Academy of Advertising Conference Proceedings.

Moschis, G. P. (1987). Consumer Socializaiton: A life-cycle perspetive. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Moschis, G. P., & Churchill Jr, G. A. (1978). Consumer socialization: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Journal of Marketing Research, 15, 599-609.

Nebenzahl, I., & Secunda, E. (1993). Consumers' attitudes toward product placement in movies. International Journal of Advertising, 12(1), 1-11.

Newell, J., Salmon, C. T., & Chang, S. (2006). The hidden history of product placement. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 50(4), 575-594.

North, A. C., & Hargreaves Jr., D. J. (2007). Lifestyle correlates of musical preference: 1. relationships, living arrangements, beliefs, and crime. Psychology of Music, 35(1), 58-87.

Pardun, C. J., & McKee, K. B. (1999). Product placements as public relations: An exploratory study of the role of the public relations. Public Relations Review, 25(4), 481-493.

Pettijohn II, T. F., &Sacco, D. F. (2009). The language of lyrics. Journal of Language & Social Psychology, 28(3), 297-311.

Russell, C. A. (1998). Toward a framework of product placement: Theoretical propositions. In J. W. Alba & J. W. Hutchinson (Eds.), Advances in Consumer Research. Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.

Rumbo, J. D. (2002). Consumer resistance in a world of advertising clutter: The case of adbusters. Psychology & Marketing, 19(2), 127-148.

Shao, A. T., Shao, L. P., & Shao, D. H.(1994). Are global markets with standardized advertising campaigns feasible? in Globalization of Consumer Markets: Structures and Strategies,

Salah S. Hassan and Erdener Kaynak eds., New York: International Business Press, 195-208.

Speck, P. S., & Elliott, M. T. (1997). Predictors of advertising avoidance in print and broadcast media. Journal of Advertising, 26 (3), 61-76.

Stadtmiller, M. (2007). She's not just selling out concerts. New York Post, http://www.nypost.eom/p/entertainment/music/item_s6Pvrrkk3LLyJqklrSvAtM (accessed August 22, 2011)

Stafford, T. F., & Stafford, M. R. (2002). The advantages of atypical advertisements for stereotyped product categories. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 24(1), 25-37.

Verklin, D., & Kanner, B. (2007). Watch this listen up click here. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Wallin, N. L., Merker, B., & Brown S. (2000). The origins of music. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Ward, S. (1974). Consumer socialization. Journal of Consumer Research, 1(2), 1-14.

White, R. (2000). International advertising: How far can it fly? In J. P. Jones (Ed.), International Advertising: Realities and Myths. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Wipperfurth, A. (2005). Brand hijacking: Marketing without marketing. New York: Penguin.

Downloads

Published

2019-05-20

Issue

Section

Articles