Katrina Anniversary Coverage and New Orleans Residents

Authors

  • Shearon Roberts Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58997/smc.v32i1.23

Abstract

This study surveyed New Orleans-area residents to determine their responses to local and national news coverage of Hurricane Katrina 10-year anniversary coverage. This study examined whether anniversaries as a type of routine news event corresponds to a form of re-lived trauma, and brings into question responsible and ethical journalism. The survey found that a majority of New Orleans area viewers sampled were exposed to Katrina anniversary coverage whether they deliberately chose to tune in or not. Additionally, New Orleans area residents sampled expressed negative reactions to the anniversary coverage that reflected continued signs of trauma from the event 10 years later. Negative reaction to coverage was higher for audiences who looked at national news sources compared to local ones. Locals also responded positively to coverage that demonstrated the strength and resilience of victims of the disaster, as well as coverage that featured the city’s cultural and historical traditions.

References

Ahlers, D. (2006). News consumption and the new electronic media. The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 11(1), 29-52.

Alexander, J. (2004). Toward a theory of Cultural Trauma. In J. Alexander, R. Eyerman, B. Giesen, N. Smelser & P. Sztompka (Eds.), Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity (1-13). Berkeley, Ca.: University of California Press.

Altheide, D. L. (1976). Creating Reality: How TV Distorts Events. Los Angeles, Ca.: Sage Publications.

Berkowitz, D. (1992). Non‐routine news and newswork: Exploring a what‐a‐story. Journal of Communication, 42(1), 82-94. The Katrina Anniversary: News Routines, Proximity and New Orleans residents.

Bernstein, K. T., Ahern, J., Tracy, M., Boscarino, J. A., Vlahov, D., & Galea, S. (2007). Television watching and the risk of incident probable posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective evaluation. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195(1), 41-47.

Centers for Disease Control (2015). Helping patients cope with a traumatic event, Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/masstrauma/factsheets/professionals/coping_professional.pdf.

Coté, W. E., & Simpson, R. (2000). Covering violence: A guide to ethical reporting about victims and trauma. Columbia University Press.

Dart Center for Journalism & Trauma (2014). Tragic Anniversaries. Retrieved from http://dartcenter.org/topic/tragic-anniversaries.

Doll, L., Bonzo, S., Sleet, D., Mercy, J. & Haas, E.N. (Ed.) (2006). Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention, New York, NY: Springer.

Dunn, R. A. (2011). The Status of Journalistic Routines within Reporter-Run Political Blogs. International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies (IJICST), 1(2), 46-55.

Durham, F. (2008). Media ritual in catastrophic time: The populist turn in television coverage of Hurricane Katrina. Journalism, 9(1), 95-116.

Elsesser, K., Sartory, G. and Tackenberg, A. (2005). Initial symptoms and reactions to trauma-related stimuli and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Depress. Anxiety, 21, 61-70. doi: 10.1002/da.20047.

Gans, H. (1979). Deciding What’s News: A Case Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time. New York, NY: Vintage Books.

Harcup, T., & O’Neill, D. (2001). What is news? Galtung and Ruge revisited. Journalism Studies, 2(2), 261-280.

Houston, J. B. (2009). Media coverage of terrorism: a meta-analytic assessment of media use and posttraumatic stress. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 86(4), 844-861. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/216938409?accountid=40599

Goodwin, R., Palgi, Y., Lavenda, O., Hamama-raz, Y., & Ben-ezra, M. (2015). Association between media use, acute stress disorder and psychological distress. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(4), 253-254. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000377706 The Katrina Anniversary: News Routines, Proximity and New Orleans residents.

Hunt, D. (1999). O.J. Simpson Facts & Fictions: News Rituals in the Construction of Reality. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Furedi, F. (2007). On the political possibilities of therapy news: Media responsibility and the limits of objectivity in disaster coverage. por João Carlos Correia, 3. Kaplan, A. E. (2005) Trauma Culture: The Politics of Terror and Loss in Media and Literature, Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Krüger, F., Bankoff, G., Cannon, T., Orlowski, B., & Schipper, E. L. F. (Eds.). (2015). Cultures and disasters: understanding cultural framings in disaster risk reduction. New York, NY: Routledge.

Lowrey, W. (1999). Routine news: The power of the organization in visual journalism,” Visual Communication Quarterly 6: 10-15.

MHANY (2015). Coping with Disaster and Trauma. Retrieved from https://mhanys.org/publications/factsheets/fstrauma.htm

Maercker, A, and Mehr, A. (2006). What if victims read a newspaper report about their victimization: A study on the relationship to PTSD symptoms in crime victims, European Psychologist, 11(2), 137-142. doi: 10.1027/10169040.11.2.13.

Meek, A. (2010) Trauma and Media: Theories, Histories and Images. New York, NY: Routledge.

McGinnis, E. (2015). Understanding the use of social networking site content by journalists during a natural disaster. Doctoral dissertation, University of Ottawa.

McMahon, C. (2001). Covering Disaster: A Pilot Study into Secondary Trauma for Print Media Journalists Reporting on Disaster, The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 16 (2): 52-56.

Miller, C., Purcell, K., & Rosenstiel, T. (2012). 72% of Americans follow local news closely. Pew Research Center Internet Project & Project for Excellence in Journalism.

Miller, A. and Goidel, R. (2009), News Organizations and Information Gathering During a Natural Disaster: Lessons from Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17: 266–273. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5973.2009.00586.x

Miller, A., Roberts, S. & LaPoe, V. (2014). Oil and Water: Media Lessons from Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, Jackson, Miss: University Press of Mississippi. The Katrina Anniversary: News Routines, Proximity and New Orleans residents.

Molotch, H., & Lester, M. (1974). News as purposive behavior: On the strategic use of routine events, accidents, and scandals. American Sociological Review, 101-112.

Norris, F. H., & Stevens, S. P. (2007). Community resilience and the principles of mass trauma intervention. Psychiatry, 70(4), 320-328.

O’Neill, D., & Harcup, T. (2009). News values and selectivity. The Handbook of Journalism Studies, 161-174.

Olsson, E. K. (2009). Rule regimes in news organization decision making Explaining diversity in the actions of news organizations during extraordinary events. Journalism, 10(6), 758-776.

Plyer, A., Shrinath, N., & Mack, V. (July, 2015). The New Orleans index at ten: Measuring Greater New Orleans’ progress toward prosperity. The Data Center, http://www.datacenterresearch.org/reports_analysis/new-orleans-index-at-ten/

Pfefferbaum, B. (2003). Victims of terrorism and the media. In Silke, A. (Ed.) Terrorists, Victims and Society, Psychological Perspectives on Terrorism and its Consequences, 175-188. West Sussex: England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Pfefferbaum, B., Pfefferbaum, R. L., North, C. S., & Neas, B. R. (2002). Does television viewing satisfy criteria for exposure in posttraumatic stress disorder?. Psychiatry, 65(4), 306-309.

Pfefferbaum, B. Reissman, D., Pfefferbaum, R., Klomp, R. & Gurwitch, R.H. (2007). Building Resilience to Mass Trauma Events. In L. Doll, S. Bonzo, D. Sleet, J. Mercy & E.N. Haas, (Ed.) 347-358. Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention, New York, NY: Springer.

Pfefferbaum, B., Weems, C. F., Scott, B. G., Nitiéma, P., Noffsinger, M. A.,Pfefferbaum, R. L., Chakraburtty, A. (2013). Research methods in child disaster studies: A review of studies generated by the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami; and Hurricane Katrina. Child & Youth Care Forum, 42(4), 285-337. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10566-0139211-4

Schudson, M. (1989). The sociology of news production. Media, culture and Society, 11(3), 263-282.

Seelig, M. (2002) The Impact of New Technologies on Journalistic Routines, E.W. Scripps School of Journalism, Retrieved from http://www.scripps.ohiou.edu/wjmcr/vol06/6-1a.html

Simpson, R. & Coté, W. (Eds.) (2013) Covering Violence: A Guide to Ethical Reporting The Katrina Anniversary: News Routines, Proximity and New Orleans residents about Victims & Trauma, 2nd edition, New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Sumpter, R. S., & Garner, J. T. (2007). Telling the Columbia Story Source Selection in News Accounts of a Shuttle Accident. Science Communication, 28(4), 455-475.

Teddlie, C. & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples, Journal of Mixed Methods Research (1)1: 77-100. doi: 10.1177/2345678906292430.

Theim, R. (2013). Hell and High Water: The Battle to Save the Daily New Orleans Times-Picayune. Pelican Publishing Company, Inc.

Tuchman, G. (1973). Making news by doing work: Routinizing the unexpected. American Journal of Sociology, 110-131.

Tuchman, G. (1978). Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality (New York, NY: The Free Press.

Weiss, D. S. (2007). The impact of event scale: Revised. In J. Wilson & C So-Kum Tang, Eds., Cross-cultural assessment of psychological trauma and PTSD (pp. 219238). New York, NY: Springer US.

Wilkins, L. (2010). Mitigation watchdogs: The ethical foundation for a journalist’s role. In. C. Meyers (Ed.) pp. 311-324. Journalism Ethics: A Philosophical Approach, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-03

Issue

Section

Articles